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http://shadowshroud.com/
This is the link to a site describing a simple but highly original and interesting experiment about the famous Shroud of Turin, a mysterious object that has been in the keeping of the Dukes of Savoy (later Kings of Sardinia and Kings of Italy) for several centuries. It is allegedly the funeral shroud of Jesus Christ, described by an eyewitness in the Gospel of John (that John is eyewitness account is my own belief, which I will defend if challenged); however, in spite of several attempts to identify it with an object seen at various times in the Christian East, it does not appear in recorded history in about 1350, and the first thing we hear about it at all is that the local Bishop, Henry of Poitiers, condemned it as a fraud. At first he simply had the viewings stopped; but when the exhibitions were revived, thirty years later - evidently in the hope that with the Bishop dead, people would not remember his inquest and condemnation - his successor wrote a lengthy letter to Pope Clement VII.

"The case, Holy Father, stands thus. Sometime since in this dioceses of Troyes, The Dean of a certain collegiate church, to wit, that of Lirey, falsely and deceitfully, being consumed with the passion of avarice, and not of any motive of devotion but only of gain, procured for his church a certain cloth cunningly painted..." The bishop then described the image on the cloth, along with the circumstances of the exhibitions, and continued: "Eventually, after diligent inquiry and examination, he [the Bishop] discovered the fraud and how the said cloth was cunningly painted, the truth being attested by the artist who had painted it, to wit, that it was a work of human skill and not miraculously wrought or bestowed. I offer myself as ready to supply all information sufficient to remove any doubt concerning the facts alleged."

Clement VII considered the matter and issued a Papal Bull, which ordered that the Shroud of Turin be advertised only as a "copy." Since then, and in spite of its immense popularity, the Church has never admitted the Shroud as an acknowledged relic, calling it only "an object worth meditating over" - just like any other work of art. The issue seemed closed when, in the eighties, an Oxford lab proved by radiocarbon dating that the material of the Shroud was dated from the fourteenth century. I am one of those who think there are a few problems with radiocarbon dating, whatever the case may be, it certainly cannot cover the difference between first and fourteenth century AD!

However, a genuine riddle remained. How had the artist, whom Peter had actually found and questioned, managed the negative, "X-ray" effect that is much the most convincing feature of this fake? I think it is rather fitting that the best answer discovered thus far should be by a man who is, a), a Christian, and b), not a scientist. This site shows what almost certainly did happen - as well as that we are not the trusting fools that our enemies claim us to be.

Date: 2005-02-27 06:35 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] fpb.livejournal.com
Yes. I have done a little textual criticism in my time - I say this just to establish my credentials: have a look at my HISTORY OF BRITAIN 407-597 (http://www.geocities.com/vortigernstudies/fabio/contents.htm), which is mostly textual criticism. And I am not impressed by most non-Catholic scholars' application of the principles of textual criticism to the New Testament. They seem to me to amount to an universal negativism, to an absolute will not to believe, where arguments are advanced not because they are rigorous or even logical but because they will deny the authority of the original texts. I do not believe there are real grounds in style or content to doubt the unity of the Gospel; it is, in fact, by far the most unified and coherent of the Four Gospels and the least dependent on formulae. The other three Gospels all have the hallmark of collections of thrice-told tales, and at least two do not even claim eyewitness value: Luke is obviously by the kind of writer who claims to have written it - a man with the pretensions of a historian and a nearly neurotic need to gather in everything he could possible find, even to the extent of incoherence. For instance, there is a clear misunderstanding in the Parable of the Talents, where he is the only one to speak of the master of a king with enemies he will destroy (19.12-27). (From this point of view, I think it is slightly worrying that we always use Luke's longer version of the Lord's Prayer and not Matthew's shorter one. But if you do not believe in God and Jesus, that hardly matters, and if you do, you have to believe that he would either have not let us do the wrong thing for 2000 years or forgiven us long ago.)

There is an important point in this. Luke's pernickety precision of detail has been demonstrated since the days of Ramsey, and it takes increasingly complex (and unrealistic) theories not to accept that his work is from the first century. Anyone who knows how people from that age thought and wrote - anyone who has read, say, Tacitus, Longus, Apuleius, Lucian, or any first-, second-, or third-century prose writer - would know that such precision was not within a million miles of them. Even the historians are guilty of monumental anachronisms, and as for the ordinary writers of entertainment, they never touch the past without showing that they know nothing about it. So Luke must be a first-century author - unless we imagine some sort of supergenius who had invented, alone, the whole modern technique of historical research. And what we have of Luke hardly suggests overwhelming genius. But he was collecting stories that had already become traditional (as opposed to the "we" passages of the Acts of the Apostles, where he is recording clearly personal experience), and that shows that the body of lore - of stories, of remembered speeches - about Jesus had already largely stabilized into a number of standard anecdotes, while at the same time being easily within the reach of living memory.
(continuend in next comment)

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